Article 1 (Designation)

Article 2 (Purpose)

Article 3 (Application)

Article 4 (Violation of research ethics)

• 1. All research conducted by each researcher shall remain truthful in the subject matter, research funding support, publication of research results, and the overall research process.
• 2. Researchers shall not double-submit or publish manuscripts already published in other journals or publications.
• 3. Researchers shall not plagiarize other copyrighted work.
• 4. Researchers shall conform to the regulations for research ethics concerning co-researchers with whom they have a special relationship. <Newly inserted Apr. 24, 2021>
• 5. Researchers shall report any suspicious cases of research misconduct to the Korean Society for Sandplay Therapy.
• 6. Researchers shall conform to all matters related to the research ethics of the Korean Society for Sandplay Therapy.

Article 5 (Deliberation)

Article 6 (Research ethics committee functions)

• 1. Matters related to the institution of research ethics in journal manuscripts, reports, publications, etc.
• 2. Matters related to the prevention and investigation of research misconduct
• 3. Matters related to the protection of sources and confidentiality
• 4. Other matters introduced by the Chair of the Research Ethics Committee

Article 7 (Organization of the Research Ethics Committee)

• 1. The Committee shall be comprised of 10 or fewer members, including the Chair.
• 2. The Chair shall represent the Committee and shall be appointed by the President of the Korean Society for Sandplay Therapy for a two-year term, after which reappointment is possible.
• 3. The Chair may appoint one administrative secretary to handle the general affairs of the Committee.
• 4. The Chair may separately assign professional members through a Committee vote.

Article 8 (Research Ethics Committee meetings)

• 1. The Chair shall call meetings when necessary.
• 2. Unless otherwise specified, Committee meetings shall be convened by the attendance of a majority of listed members, with resolutions passed by the consent of a majority of Committee members present. Proxies shall count as attendances for the purpose of convening Committee meetings, but shall have no voting power.
• 3. Upon recognizing a need, the Committee may summon interested parties to appear and present opinions.
• 4. Meetings shall remain confidential.
• 5. Committee members associated with any research to be investigated shall not participate in the pertaining meetings.

Article 9 (Rights and responsibilities of the Research Ethics Committee)

• 1. The Committee may require sources, subjects of investigation, witnesses, and references to appear at meetings and/or submit relevant materials.
• 2. When a subject of investigation refuses to appear at meetings and/or submit relevant materials without a justifiable reason, the Committee may assume that the subject is admitting to the allegations.
• 3. The Committee may take corresponding actions to prevent the loss, destruction, concealment, and alteration of evidence.
• 4. Committee members shall maintain confidentiality on all matters related to deliberations.

Article 10 (Academic freedom and social responsibility)

• 1. Shall acknowledge the academic legacies of groups with different thoughts, religions, ages, genders, races, social classes, or cultures without any prejudice.
• 2. Shall be open to criticism of their research and skeptical of their knowledge.
• 3. Shall be willing to correct errors when persuasive evidence that refutes their arguments is found.
• 4. Shall review new research questions, methodologies and theoretical approaches with non-biased attitudes.

Article 11 (Approval by institutions)

Article 12 (Responsibility for research participants)

• 1. Shall respect research participants' right not to be infringed on their personality and privacy and their right to autonomous decisions.
• 2. Shall take actions necessary to ensure research participants' safety and welfare and prevent them from being exposed to dangers.
• 3. Upon recognizing a need, the Committee may summon interested parties to appear and present opinions.

Article 13 (Agreement to participation in research)

• 1. Participation in research shall be determined by free will. Therefore, researchers shall obtain agreement to participate in research from the participants. When obtaining agreement, researchers should inform the participants of the following items and provide opportunities for them to ask questions and receive answers about these items (In the case of minors, agreement shall be received from legal guardians or representatives):
  • ⓛ The duration, procedure, and purpose of the research.
  • ② Right to participate in the research and withdraw at any time.
  • ③ Results expected when the research participant refused to participate in the research or withdrew their participation before its completion.
  • ④ Potential dangers, pain or harmful effects expected to affect the spontaneity of participation.
  • ⑤ Benefits expected to be obtained by participating in the research.
  • ⑥ Limitations in confidentiality.
  • ⑦ Compensation for participation.
• 2. Researchers who conduct intervention research that includes experimental treatment shall clearly inform the participants of the following items at the beginning of the research:
  • ① The nature of the experimental treatment.
  • ② Services that will be available or unavailable to the control group.
  • ③ Method of assigning the participants to the treatment group or the control group.
  • ④ Treatment alternatives available for individuals who decline to participate in the research or wish to withdraw after the research has begun.
  • ⑤ Compensation or monetary reward for participation in the research.

Article 14 (Agreement to voice or image recording for research)

• 1. When the content of the research is naturally observed in public places or the records are not expected to be used to disclose individuals’ identity or do harm to individuals.
• 2. When deception is included in the research design and thus agreement to the use of records shall be obtained after recording.

Article 15 (Participants dependent on researchers such as clients, patients and students)

• 1. When researchers conduct research on persons dependent on them such as clients, patients and students, the researchers shall take actions to protect them from harmful results from their refusal to participate or withdraw from participation.
• 2. If participation in the research is essential to a subject being studied or is an opportunity to receive additional credits, alternative activities should be provided to the students who study the subject and the students should be allowed to select for themselves.

Article 16 (Exemption from agreement to research)

• 1. When the research is considered not to cause any pain or damage,
  • ① Research into educational practices implemented in education contexts, curricula or classroom operating methods.
  • ② Anonymous questionnaires, natural observation or data collection research in which exposure of research participants’ responses does not place the participants under the risk of criminal or civil responsibility or do harm to their financial condition, possibility of employment or reputation and research participants’ participation is kept secret.
  • ③ Research conducted in organizational contexts related to occupational or organizational efficiency that does not threaten the possibility of employment for the participants in which participants’ participation is kept secret. 1.When allowed by the law of the country or the rules of the institution.

Article 17 (Compensation for participation in research)

• 1. Researchers shall appropriately compensate for participation in research. However, researchers shall not provide excessive monetary or other compensation to the extent that the compensation would oblige participation in research.
• 2. When professional services are provided as compensation for participation in research, researcher should make clear not only the nature but also the risk, obligation and limitation of the services.

Article 18 (Deception in research)

• 1. Researchers shall not conduct research that involves deception unless the use of deceptive techniques is justified based on any scientific, educational or applicable values expected from the research, and it has been determined that effective alternative procedures that do not involve deception are not possible.
• 2. Researchers should provide information that the research may cause physical or severe emotional pain to those who would participate in the research involved in experiments as soon as possible, when participation in research has been completed if possible or at the latest before data collection is completed to give opportunities to participants to withdraw their experimental data.

Article 19 (Ex post facto reporting to research participants)

• 1. Unless providing information on the nature, results and conclusion of research would cause damage to scientific and humane values, researchers should provide opportunities for research participants to obtain related information.
• 2. If a researcher has come to know that a research procedure caused damage to participants, he/she should immediately take action to minimize the damage, and if later research includes the same procedure, the research design should be revised not to include the procedure.

Article 20 (Research result reporting)

• 1. Researchers should not falsely make data or results that do not exist.
• 2. Researchers should not manipulate, modify or delete data or results to distort research results.
• 3. Researchers should make data anonymous if individual research subjects can be identified in the data before reporting the data.
• 4. If researchers find serious errors in their published data, they should take actions to correct the errors using appropriate publishing means such as correction, cancellation and tables of errata.

Article 20-1 (Duplicate publication) <Newly inserted Apr. 24, 2021>

• 1. Regardless of the country of publication, researchers shall not publish or attempt to publish work that has already been published in the past (including work that is about to be published or under review for publication) as original work.
• 2. To publish materials that have been previously published, the researcher shall, at the time of request for publication to the editor of the journal, provide information on the previous publication to examine a possibility of duplicate publication.

Article 21 (Plagiarism)

Article 22 (Authors)

• 1. Researchers shall take responsibility as authors and shall be recognized only for those research works that they actually produced or contributed to.
• 2. The authors or the order of authors of papers or other published works should accurately reflect the relative degrees of contribution regardless of the authors’ relative statuses. Becoming an author or being recognized for the achievement as the first author just because a researcher is in a certain position is not justified. Small contributions to research or writing shall be appropriately acknowledged in footnotes, prefaces, and acknowledgements.
• 3. Except for exceptional situations, such as papers jointly written by multiple authors based on a student’s master’s or doctoral dissertation, the student shall be the first author.
• 4. If the content of a published manuscript infringes on the rights of a third party and consequently brings damage to the Korean Society for Sandplay Therapy and/or a third party, the author(s) shall be held responsible. <Newly inserted Apr. 24, 2021>

Article 22-1 (Prevention of research misconduct concerning co-authors in a special relationship with the researcher)

• 1. In relation to co-authorships with persons who are in a special relationship with the researcher, cases falling under any of the following items shall be recognized as violations of research ethics through Research Ethics Committee meetings after a review by the Editorial Committee, and the researchers shall be notified of the research ethics violations involved in the submitted manuscripts.
  • ① A failure to provide the personal information of the co-author and prior consent at the time of manuscript submission
  • ➁ A lack of sufficient grounds to prove the level of contribution made by the co-author in completing the manuscript
  • ➂ The co-author is expected to receive benefits for the manuscript from an organization affiliated with the co-author enrollment or admission to a school or research-related institution, etc.), or is suspected or determined to have already received such benefits
  • ➃ Other cases in which the researcher and/or co-author are suspected to have violated research ethics concerning the pertaining manuscript
• 2. For cases that fall under Paragraph 1, as follow-up actions on the results of the verification of violations of research ethics in accordance with Article 33 of these Regulations for Research Ethics (Follow-up actions for the results of verification of violations of research ethics) against the concerning researcher and/or co-author in a special relationship with the researcher, ① the manuscript shall be removed from the list of articles in the journal, ② future manuscript submissions shall be prohibited, ③ the violation shall be announced on the website of the Korean Society for Sandplay Therapy, ④ the violation shall be reported to institutions affiliated with the persons involved in the research ethics violation, ⑤ the violation shall be reported to related institutions from which the co-author in a special relationship with the researcher is expected to receive benefits from or is suspected or determined to have already received such benefits, and ⑥ the details of the violations shall be reported to the National Research Foundation of Korea, etc.

Article 23 (Research data sharing for re-verification of results)

• 1. After publishing research results, if other researchers request research data in order to re-verify the published results through reanalysis, the researcher shall provide the data if the confidentiality of research participants can be protected and legal rights for the data possessed do not prohibit the disclosure of the data.
• 2. The researchers provided with the data pursuant to the above point may use it only for the foregoing purpose and shall obtain prior written consent if they wish to use the data for any other purpose.

Article 24 (Examination)

Article 25 (Parties responsible for the verification of violations of research ethics)

• 1. The editorial committee shall primarily review whether the processes of examination and publication of all submitted papers observed these ethical guidelines.
• 2. When ethical deliberation of any submitted paper is necessary, the editorial committee shall request the research ethics committee for deliberation.
• 3. If any problem has been found in the integrity or ethicality of any of the research processes in a submitted paper, it shall be notified to the author and the research institute to which the author belongs.

Article 26 (Principle of verification of research ethics)

• 1. The responsibility to prove the fact of a violation of the regulations for research ethics shall lie on the research ethics committee.
• 2. The research ethics committee shall guarantee the rights and opportunities to state opinions, raise objections and defend equally to the requester for deliberation and the subject of deliberation and shall inform related procedures to them in advance.
• 3. This association shall make efforts to ensure that the research ethics committee can maintain independency and fairness without being subject to unjust pressure or interference.

Article 27 (Procedure to verify research ethics)

• 1. The research ethics committee shall deliberate on the truth of problems in research ethics raised for papers already published in this journal or those being examined.
• 2. Before beginning deliberation of items received, the research ethics committee may determine procedures for deliberation such as in-house examination or whether external deliberation committee members’ should participate in relation to the organization of the deliberation committee through discussion.
• 3. The research ethics committee shall record the entire processes of deliberation in writing and shall keep written decisions of deliberation after having them signed by all research ethics committee members.

Article 28 (Reporting of cheating and receipt of the reports)

Article 29 (Request for attendance and data submission)

• 1. The committee may request informants, persons under investigation, witnesses or reference witnesses for attendance for statements. In this case, persons under investigation should accede to the request without fail.
• 2. The committee may request persons under investigation to submit data and may seize or retain relevant research data on persons linked to cheating subject to approval by the head of the relevant research institute in order to preserve evidencing data.

Article 30 (Protection of the rights of informants and persons under investigation and confidentiality)

• 1. The identity of informants shall not be directly or indirectly disclosed in any event and care should be used to prevent the honor or rights of persons under investigation from being infringed until the verification of cheating is completed.
• 2. All matters related to investigations shall be kept secret and those who directly or indirectly participated in investigations shall not unjustly disclose any information obtained in the process of investigation or performing their duties. However, the information may be disclosed through a resolution by the committee if there is justifiable necessity of disclosure.

Article 31 (Guarantee of opportunities to raise objections and explain)

Article 32 (Judgment)

• 1. The identity of informants shall not be directly or indirectly disclosed in any event and care should be used to prevent the honor or rights of persons under investigation from being infringed until the verification of cheating is completed.
• 2. Judgment on cheating in research shall be made with the attendance of the majority of the committee members on the register and the consent of at least 2/3 of attending committee members.

Article 33 (Follow-up actions for the results of verification of violations of research ethics)

• 1. The research ethics committee shall notify the results of deliberation on the violation of research ethics to the relevant subject of deliberation and the relevant research institute.
• 2. If the rationality and validity of the contents or results of deliberation are considered problematic, the committee may conduct additional investigations or request for the submission of related data.
• 3. For authors and papers that have been identified to have violated research ethics, the research ethics committee shall impose the following sanctions depending on the seriousness of offenses.
  • ① Delete the paper from the paper list of the relevant journal.
  • ② Prohibit the paper submitter from submitting paper later (for at least two years).
  • ③ Announce on the Internet homepage of the association.
  • ④ Notify the fact of plagiarism to the institution to which participants in the violation of research ethics belong.
  • ⑤ Notify the details of the relevant contents to the National Research Foundation of Korea.

Article 34 (Education on research ethics)